Best Air Compressor | Everything You Want to Know About Air Compressors

DEWALT D55146 : best air compressor — Can run 3 framing nailers or 2 roofing nailers simultaneously. (**Buy from Amazon**)

What’s the best air compressor? It’s a little complicated to answer that simply because there are a lot of factors that you have to consider, but if you’re looking for a comprehensive buying guide for air compressors you’ve come to the right place.

Yes, we review and recommend a wide-range of air compressors, but beyond that, we’ve written a truly comprehensive article that covers everything you want to know about choosing the best air compressor. We hope you find this article helpful.

What Is an Air Compressor?

An air compressor is essentially a device that takes a large volume of air at atmospheric pressure, and converts it into a smaller volume at a much higher pressure. It takes the work done by a motor (diesel, electric, etc.) and stores it as potential energy in the form of compressed air inside a storage tank. Once the pressure in the tank reaches a predetermined upper limit, the motor will automatically shut down and the high-pressure air inside can be used for doing all kinds of work.

High pressure air can be used to run pneumatic tools such as nail guns, sanders, impact wrenches, airbrushes, blow guns, air hammers, etc. You can also use it to inflate car tires, balloons, and pool toys/ floats.

Industrial-Grade Gas | Industrial Air Contractor CTA5090412

Best gas powered air compressor. Best industrial air compressor. — Powered by a Honda engine. Excellent value! **(Buy from Amazon)**

So, what is the principle behind the working of an air compressor? How do you compress several hundred cubic feet of air into a storage tank that is smaller in volume than a kitchen sink? Well, the answer to that is pretty simple- you just have to apply a whole lot of pressure. Ever tried squeezing a party balloon? You must have noticed that the balloon shrinks in size until a certain point, until the rubber walls finally crack open and the balloon pops.

Now, imagine you had a big balloon made of unbreakable rubber- you could keep compressing it until it became as small as a peanut. If you were to pop a pin-sized hole in this balloon, you would notice the tremendous force with which the air rushes out. Air always tends to go from a state of high pressure to low pressure, and this can be used to do work.

If you own a shop or garage, then you could definitely use a portable or ultra-compact air compressor for everyday work such as cleaning the floors and crevasses, inflating tires, cleaning pipes, etc. Are you into DIY projects? Do you own a body shop, or carpentry workshop? If you own and use pneumatic tools such as impact wrenches, nail guns, or airbrushes for your home projects and workshops, then you probably own an air compressor already.

Even so, you might be looking to buy a new portable air compressor for off-site work or smaller chores. In that case, you have come to the right place- in this article we shall discuss everything you need to know about air compressors including the working of an air compressor, the types of air compressors, and how you can select the proper air compressor for your needs. At the end, we shall review a few of the most popular air compressors currently available for sale on the market. But before we go into all of that, we need to discuss some of the most common uses for an air compressor.

This will help you access the importance of owning an air compressor, and you will be able to decide whether or not you need to buy one. Don’t worry – we are going to cover both residential as well as commercial uses, so it doesn’t matter if you are an average homeowner or a workshop professional, we will talk about all the stuff that you can do with an air compressor.

60V Battery-Powered Air Compressor | DEWALT DCC2560T1

best cordless air compressor. Battery powered air compressor. — Brushless motor gives you the power of a corded tool. (Buy from Amazon)

Service Pressure Range :

All air compressors can be divided into three classes based on their pressure output-

Low – Discharge pressure ranges between 125 to 150 psi. Used for inflating balloons, bike tires, pool toys, cleaning electronic equipment, etc.
Medium – Discharge pressure ranges between 150 to 1000 psi. Used for driving pneumatic tools, inflating car tires, spray painting, sand blasting, etc.
High – Discharge pressure higher than 1000 psi. Used in professional workshops and industrial processes.

How to Choose the Best Air Compressor

Air compressors can handle a variety of workloads, from powering a nail gun to starting the turbine engine in an airplane. But which air compressor is right for you, and how will you know it? Well, worry not because we have come up with a short guide to help you decide which model you should choose and why.

To start off, you are probably looking for a compact, easy to operate, residential compressor. That is what most average homeowners will be perfectly content with, and for good reason. Not everyone owns pneumatic tools or a workshop in their garage/ basement. Besides, all that the average consumer wishes to do with a portable air compressor is inflate car tires, balloons, pool toys, etc. Maybe some occasional cleaning but that’s about it – any compact air compressor with a discharge pressure rating of 120-150 psi will do.

Quiet & Lightweight Air Compressor | EAGLE EA-2000

Compact, Quiet and very well-made. (Buy from Amazon)

However, not all air compressors are created equal, which is why you need to look beyond the performance numbers and specs sheets, you need to consider other factors such as build quality, design, ease of use, noise levels, reliability, operating costs, lifespan, and much more.

There are mainly two types of residential air compressors based on size and mobility – portable and stationary. The names say it all- portable air compressors are light and small, you can carry them around in your hands, while some are equipped with wheels so that you can roll them around. Stationary air compressors on the other hand, are bigger and heavier. They are designed to be placed in workshops and garages, and pack larger motors (usually gasoline or diesel motors).

Vertical designs allow stationary compressors to take up less floor space, and high quality commercial grade components mean that they can run for longer periods of time as compared to portable models.

Portable air compressors can be classified on the basis of their shape into :

Pancake: These have round and flat storage tanks, they take up less vertical space and you can easily slide them underneath a cabinet or chair. The storage tank is typically mounted on the bottom of the unit and it makes up the base, this wide and circular design adds greater stability and reduces vibrations during operation.
Hot Dog: These have a horizontal design with a single, cylindrical storage tank.
Twin Stack: Basically, a hot dog style compressor but instead of one cylindrical storage tank, these have two such tanks stacked together. Twice the air capacity without a significant increase in amount of floor space needed.
Wheelbarrow: These are similar to twin stack air compressors, but feature a wheel and handles for easier mobility.

You also have devices called “inflators”- these are air compressors without the storage tank. They are extremely small and the motor in these things must run continuously to supply pressurized air. These are used to inflate tires, balloons, sports equipment, etc.

If you’re primary workspace is indoors and you only plan on doing light to medium duty tasks, then we suggest a portable electric air compressor. There are several reasons for this :

They are cheaper than gasoline models
They are quieter and emission free
They don’t require much maintenance at all, no need to change oil and refill fuel. Besides, the push-button electric start is much more comfortable compared to the pull-cord starter found in gasoline models.
Larger electric models plug into 120V AC outlets, while smaller models such as car tire inflators plug into the 12V vehicle accessory outlet.

There are of course some cons to electric compressors :

Reduced CFM and discharge pressure compared to similarly sized gasoline models
Limited mobility, since you can’t move farther than the length of the power cord or extension cord (That is why we said, these are mainly for indoor usage).
You can’t use them in a wet or damp environment (Electricity and water when put together, can result in some really nasty injuries).

Pancake Air Compressor’s are Ultra-Portable | Porter-Cable C2002

PORTER-CABLE C2002 : best pancake compressor — Great value for the money. Well-suited for homeowners. (**Buy from Amazon**)

Air Compressor Specifications

We are going to assume that you are new to air compressors and don’t fully understand the units and acronyms used to denote the power, airflow rate, discharge pressure etc. of compressors. So, we decided to explain the universally accepted specifications that are used to judge the capability and performance of air compressors across the world-

HP rating: This denotes the power of the motor or prime mover used in the air compressor. It is not a direct measurement of the power of the actual compressor itself, but a more powerful motor means more pressure and higher airflow rate.

CFM rating: This refers to the amount of air that the compressor can discharge in cubic feet per minute. Certain pneumatic tools (nail guns, air brushes, etc.) have very specific CFM requirements, so check those out before you go shopping for an air compressor.

SCFM rating: Standard CFM, measured at sea level with air that is at 68° Fahrenheit and has 36% relative humidity. SCFM decreases as the pressure goes up and increases as the pressure goes down. Always search for “SCFM at 90psi” when you are taking a look at the specs of the air compressor.

SCFM is basically a standardized unit that levels the playing field for models from all brands, it allows the customer to judge different compressors based on one common testing method. Regular CFM can vary with altitude and temperature, and who knows what conditions the manufacturer used to test their product? That is why SCFM is what you should look at when comparing data between different models.

PSI rating: Most homeowners will be perfectly fine with 120-150 psi, but in case you need more you better check out stationary gasoline and diesel models. If you are a professional who owns a paint shop, woodshop, or metalworks shop, then you will need more than 150 psi for certain tools.

Tank Size: The bigger the tank, the more air it will hold. The more air it holds, the more work you can do. Simple as that. However, a compressor with higher discharge pressure and a smaller tank is actually capable of doing more work than a compressor with a larger tank and lower discharge pressure. That is because a smaller volume of air at higher pressure is always better than a larger volume of air at lower pressure. Of course, it all depends on the application and the pressure requirement for that particular applications. Some air compressors even allow you to hook up external storage tanks.

Video | Helpful Advice on Choosing an Air Compressor

Features to look out for :

Shrouding: Shrouding protects the delicate internals of an air compressor from external physical damage. Some portable air compressors have exposed tubing and pipelines that can easily snap or crack if you don’t handle the unit with care. An exposed compressor pump or motor mighty sustain damage if it falls on a solid surface, or bumps into something else while being carried.Gauges and outlets are the most vulnerable parts of a portable air compressor since they are often exposed, shrouding is only used to protect the motor and compressor pump in smaller models. Try to buy a compressor that fulfils all your performance requirements, but is also built solidly and features a sufficient amount of shrouding on all important sections.
Ball Valve Drain: Water might condense inside the air compressors storage tanks, leading to rusting and pinhole leaks. To prevent this from happening, every manufacturer will suggest that you clean the air tank regularly. There are two types of drains – the first is a drain cock, which might need the use of pliers to operate properly and is very awkward to use.The other is a ball valve drain, it is located at the bottom of the tank and works like a faucet. The name comes from its usage of a ball valve that is opened and closed by a tiny handle attached to the exterior of the drain.
Cord Wrap: If it is an electric compressor, it has a power cord attached to it. And without a cord wrap, you will be forced to collect the cord by hand and wrap it manually. This can get tedious over time, and might also cause damage to the power cord if you don’t wrap it properly. Cord wraps simplify things by providing you with an easy alternative to manual wrapping.
Multiple Outlets: If you and your buddy want to work together but there is only one air compressor, then you better hope that your model comes with dual outlets. The ones with single outlets only support one air hose, while the models with more than one outlet allow the operation of two or more air tools simultaneously. You could run a nail gun and airbrush at the same time, or you could inflate multiple tires together.
Kits and Accessories: Just like vacuum cleaners, pressure washers, and blowers, air compressors also use multiple hoses and attachments to do different jobs. If your air compressor comes with a bunch of hoses and attachments included in the box, it will save you a lot of trouble. You can begin working right away and save a bunch of money. Often times, compressors are bundled with a nail gun or inflation accessories under a different model number.
Thermal Overload Switch: Automatically shuts down the motor when it overheats, protecting your air compressor as well as nearby people and equipment.
ASME certification: Indicates the usage of high quality materials and solid craftsmanship, ASME certification implies that a certain air compressor model meets the standards of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

We’ll discuss more facts about air compressors later in the article, for now read our recommendations for some of the best air compressor models available today.

Best Air Compressor Models

PORTER-CABLE C2002-WK

Oil-Free UMC Pancake Compressor with 13 piece accessory kit.

A great package with many extras. Very affordable.

The PORTER-CABLE C2002-WK is a perfect choice for homeowners with an interest in woodworking and DIY spray painting. Yes, you can do both of those tasks with just about any light to medium duty air compressor, however keep in mind the fact that wooden finishes are spoiled when they come in contact with oil. The same applies to spray painting, you just can’t let oil into your airbrush or whatever painting tool you have connected to the air compressor.

The solution is to get an oil-free compact air compressor, but not all oil-free compressors are available at the price of the PORTER-CABLE C2002-WK. It is a pancake compressor, meaning that the whole unit has a very low profile along with a stable base. You just cannot tip the C2002-WK over by accident, the circular and flat pancake style air storage tank also prevents vibration during operation.

With a storage capacity of 6-gallons and a maximum pressure rating of 150psi, you can operate almost every pneumatic tool found in a shop. If you are interested in SCFM ratings, it is 2.6 at 90 psi. That kind of airflow is more than enough for operating nail guns, staplers, airbrushes, etc. You can also use it for inflating the tires of your car or bike, and for cleaning up dusty garage floors or driveways.

PORTER-CABLE C2002-WK : best air compressor — 30 lb. weight allows compressor to be easily carried and stored.

One of the coolest things about this particular model is that it comes with a 13-piece accessory kit and features 2 regulated, factory installed air couplers so that you and a buddy can work at the same time on two different tools. This kind of feature set at such a low price is not something you get to see very often. It also weighs just 30 pounds, and there is an integrated carry handle for easy transportation. Although we must admit that carrying a pancake style air compressor is not the most fun of experiences despite their light weight, because the flat and circular-shaped air tank causes you to hit the machine with your legs for nearly every step you take.

The C2002-WK is powered by a 120V AC high-efficiency Porter-Cable electric motor. This low-amp motor is low on power consumption; however, it is not the most powerful electric motor we have seen on a 150-psi air compressor. But hey, it is electric so you don’t have to worry about pulling a cord for starting the motor, and freezing weather doesn’t affect it either.

The shroud, handle, and console cover protect all of the important parts such as the motor, gauges, and valves from external shocks. The 13-piece accessory kit contains a variety of inflation tools and nozzles so you can begin working as soon as you unpack the unit.

Makita MAC2400 / Makita MAC5200 / Makita MAC700

Makita MAC2400 Big Bore 2.5 HP - best quiet Air Compressor — Highly Efficient : Cast iron pump with Big Bore cylinder and piston.

Features (Makita Mac2400):

Cast iron pump with Big Bore cylinder and piston is engineered to provide faster recovery time for improved performance
Powerful 2.5 HP 4-Pole motor produces 4.2 CFM at 90 PSI for increased productivity and lower noise
Roll-cage construction provides complete protection to withstand extreme jobsite environments
Low AMP draw reduces incidences of tripped breakers at start-up
Pump is oil-lubricated for cooler running temperatures and reduced wear
Copper finned discharge tubing for increased heat dissipation and reduced water in the tank
Pump runs at lower RPM (1,730) resulting in lower noise (79dB) and improved pump durability
Large automotive style industrial air filter for increased air intake and greater efficiency
Durable cast iron cylinder reduces wear and increases pump life; removable for easy maintenance
Oil sight glass for fast, easy and efficient maintenance
Lever-handle ball valve tank drain improves upon standard petcock design for easier maintenance and air tank release
Built-in thermal overload for additional motor protection

The Makita MC2400 is a premium air compressor designed for prosumers, it comes with a cast iron compressor pump and a big bore cylinder for high airflow and super-fast discharge of compressed air. This is a reciprocating piston type air compressor, with a little twist that allows it to compress more air per stroke while running slower than its competitors. The bore and stroke are larger compared to most other similarly priced reciprocating piston air compressors, this means that the MAC2400 compresses extra air per piston cycle. It also means, the motor does not need to run at a high rpm since each rotation is doing more work.

The pump itself is made from cast iron for added durability and more efficient heat dissipation. A heavy-duty crankshaft allows the MAC2400 to run for hours on end, without needing to stop. Recovery times are faster, and the compressor puts out an impressive 4.2 CFM at 90psi. This is about 40-50% more output compared to similarly sized residential air compressors. Yes, it is also costlier than most compact residential air compressors, but the amazing build quality and ingenious design choices mean that you pay less in maintenance and running costs.

The heavy-duty crankshaft, low rpm motor, cast iron compressor pump, and roll-cage frame ensure that the machine will run for at least a decade with proper care. One more advantage to using a larger piston and cylinder is the fact that noise levels are lower (at 79dB it is not exactly a silent machine, but still much quieter than the competition) since the pump in the Makita MAC2400 runs at just 1720 rpm.

A large automotive style air filter increases air intake, while improving compressor efficiency. The compressed air is discharged via copper-finned tubing, this improves heat dissipation and reduces the formation of condensed water in the storage tank. Low amp-draw reduces chances of tripped circuit breakers at startup. An oil sight glass aids in fast and easy maintenance. Maximum pressure is 130 psi, weight is 77 pounds, air capacity is very high because of the twin stacked 4.2 gallon tanks. Powered by a 2.5hp (running power is 2.1 hp) electric motor.

Makita MAC5200 | Integrated handle makes it easy to move

Makita MAC5200 air compressor. — Air hose wrap stores 50 ft. of 3/8″ air hose with handle folded or upright.

Features / Specs :

Powerful 3.0 HP motor produces 6.5 CFM at 90 PSI
Maximum Horsepower : 3 HP
Running Horsepower : 2.1 HP
Tank : 5.2 gal.
Performance (40 PSI) : 6.9 CFM
Performance (90 PSI) : 6.5 CFM
Maximum Pressure : 140 PSI
Net Weight : 88 lbs.
Pump : Oil lubricated

The MAC5200 is a slightly beefier version of the MAC2400 with a few changes to the overall design, although it still uses the exact same concept. A larger bore and stroke mean that the compressor can pump out 6.5 cubic feet of compressed air per minute at a pressure of 90 psi, while the 3hp electric motor spins at just 1720 rpm. This results in longer compressor pump life, as well as lower maintenance costs over a longer period of time.

Operational lifetime expectancy is significantly higher than comparable reciprocating piston models from competing brands, thanks to a cast iron compressor pump and heavy-duty crankshaft. Oil lubrication guarantees that everything moves along smoothly, while a conveniently located oil drain and sight glass allows for easy maintenance. There is a built-in storage compartment so that you can stash away all of your commonly used attachments and tools for quick access during a work session.

Folding handles help keep things compact, while not compromising mobility at the same time. There are rugged wheels on the base for lugging this 88-pound hunk of metal around the garage or shop floor, and you can also lift it onto the back of your truck or the trunk of your car for offsite work. Just make sure that there is a power outlet nearby the spot that you plan on using this air compressor in. After all, it is powered by a 3-horsepower 120V AC motor.

There is an air hose wrap built onto the frame, capable of storing up to 50 ft. of 3/8” hose, both when the handle is folded and upright. The air tank has a storage capacity of 5.2 gallons at 140 psi.

If you like the idea behind the MAC2400 and the Makita MAC5200 but don’t want to shell out that kind of money on an air compressor, don’t worry – the MAC700 Big Bore air compressor is here to save the day. It uses the exact same design philosophy as its two larger brothers, which is why it too comes with an oversized piston and cylinder. The larger bore and stroke mean more air is compressed per piston cycle, and the motor spins at a relatively low speed of 1720 rpm (yes motor speed is exactly the same across all three models, even though motor power varies).

Makita MAC700 | Quiet and Built Tough

Makita MAC700 Big Bore 2.0 HP : best Air Compressor — Professional Quality. Easy to maintain.

Features:

Cast iron pump with Big Bore cylinder and piston is engineered to provide faster recovery time for improved performance
Powerful 2.0 HP* 4-Pole motor produces 3.3 CFM at 90 PSI for increased productivity and lower noise
Pump runs at lower RPM (1,730) resulting in lower noise (80dB) and improved pump durability
Low AMP draw reduces incidences of tripped breakers at start-up
Pump is oil-lubricated for cooler running temperatures and reduced wear
Copper finned discharge tubing for increased heat dissipation and reduced water in the tank
Roll-bar handle for portability and additional protection
Large automotive style industrial air filter for increased air intake and greater efficiency
Durable cast iron cylinder reduces wear and increases pump life; removable for easy maintenance
Oil sight glass for fast, easy and efficient maintenance
Lever-handle ball valve tank drain improves upon standard petcock design for easier maintenance and air tank release
Built-in thermal overload for additional motor protection

This particular Makita is equipped equipped with a 2-horsepower electric motor, although that is its maximum or starting power rating. The 120V AC electric motor in the MAC700 has a running power of 1.7hp. Starting horsepower is the amount of power generated for a short burst of time during motor startup, this cannot be sustained for more than a few seconds. However, this tiny air compressor doesn’t need much power to run the compressor pump since it has a rated SCFM of 3.3 at 90psi, meaning that the airflow is rather moderate and suitable for light duty tasks.

You can use it to inflate tires, run a few pneumatic tools, framing paintings and doing some roofing jobs, but nothing serious. It is not intended for workshop usage like the MAC5200, nor is it a prosumer model like the MAC2400. However, it still features copper finned discharge tubing and a cast iron pump for superior heat dissipation. Shrouding around the motor and pump protect them from external damage, while a roll bar style handle allows for portability and provides additional protection for the motor and pump. The horizontally aligned cylindrical air tank has a storage capacity of 2.6 gallons at a pressure of 130 psi. Net weight is 52 pounds.

Learn more about Makita Air Compressors or their site.

California Air Tools 2010A

A good portable residential air compressor is expected to be low on noise, lightweight, compact, well-built, efficient, and easy to operate. However good air compressors cost more than average ones, and you don’t normally find one with all of the aforementioned qualities. Even if you do, they are likely to be pretty costly as far as an average homeowner’s budget is considered. So, does it mean that you have make compromises?

Well, not if you buy the California Air Tools 2010A air compressor. This is one amazing little machine with all of the qualities that we have mentioned above- silent, very efficient, minimal maintenance, easy to operate, compact, lightweight, and well-built. The best part is that it costs no more than an average 120-130 psi residential portable air compressor.

The hotdog design (single horizontal cylindrical air tank) means that it will take up less floor space, and since it maintains such a slim and low profile, you can easily carry it around with your hands. The compressor pump in this model is probably the finest that you can find at this price range. It is a dual piston oil-free pump with a life cycle rating of more than 3000 hours. That means, even if you use your air compressor for an hour daily, it will still last 8-9 years minimum.

Probably a decade with some judicious use and gentle handling. The CAT-2010A is powered by a low noise SP-9413 electric motor that spins at just 1680 RPM. What are the advantages to having a low-rpm motor? Well for starters, the noise output is reduced significantly- in this case, it is just 60 decibels for the entire air compressor. Secondly, vibrations and heat output are also reduced, meaning less maintenance and more lifetime.

The air tank is made of aluminum (rust-free), and holds up to 2 gallons of compressed air at 120 psi. Recovery time is very low because of the oil-free dual piston pump design, it takes just 14 seconds to recover from 90 psi to 120 psi (maximum pressure). There are two pressure control gauges, along with a thermal overload protector and universal ¼” quick connector. The tank can go from empty to full in just 50 seconds, and an air filter is factory-installed to prevent foreign bodies and dust from going into the pump. Total weight is just 34 pounds, making this one of the lightest portable air compressors on the market.

California Air Tools 8010

Features:

Ultra Quiet – 60 decibels
Oil-Free Pump – Cleaner air for better tool operation.
Less maintenance and Costs.
Two pressure control gauges
One universal 1/4″ quick connector
Thermal Overload Protector
120 PSI Maximum Pressure
110v / 60 hz
Low Amp Draw – 8.5 Amps
Time to fill tank from empty to full – 165 Seconds
Recovery time from 90 PSI to 120 PSI – 60 Seconds
Less heat which dissipates more efficiently
8.0 Gal. Steel Air Tank With Wheel Kit
48 pounds and easy to move around.
Size : L (26″) x W/D (14″) x H (23″)
1 Year Limited Warranty
Comes complete with Wheel Kit & Air Filter

You already know about the CAT air compressor model 2010A. Now imagine the exact same thing, only slightly bigger and heavier. Instead of 34 pounds like the 2010A, the 8010 weighs 48 pounds. It still features a hotdog design though, meaning that carrying this air compressor is possible for most working men, as long as you are used to carrying this kind of weight. But don’t worry – CAT has thrown in a couple of wheels on the rear end of the tank along with a towing handle on the front (unfortunately, it does not fold).

Video | California Air Tools 8010 vs Typical Pancake Compressor

Most workshop owners and DIY enthusiasts are going to love this little air compressor because of its low power consumption, silent operation, and easy to operate interface. There are dual pressure control gauges, and a universal ¼” quick connector. The air tank has a capacity of 8 gallons, which is 4 times more than the storage capacity of the tank in the 2010A. This means that you can run tools such as nail guns, framers, sandblasters, air brushes, etc. without having to worry about running out of juice in the middle of work. The tank does need a little more time to fill up however, 165 seconds to be exact.

Compare that to the 2010A, which only needed 50 seconds to go from empty to full. However, that is partly because its tank is 4 times smaller. Both the 8010 and 2010A use the exact same motor- the SP9413. It is a 1 horsepower electric motor with a peak power output of 2 horsepower. With a low amp draw and a speed of just 1680 rpm, this motor is ultra-silent and will last very long.

Video | See how it operates | California Air Tools 8010

The compressor pump is based on a dual piston reciprocating design, and is totally oil-free. If you are into spray painting, woodworking, or if you work with diving equipment, then this air compressor is what you need. Recovery time from 90psi to 120psi is 60 seconds, and it delivers 3 cubic feet of air per minute at 40 psi. At 90psi, it delivers 2.2 cubic feet of air per minute.

California Air Tools 5510SE

Ultra Quiet and Oil-Free 1.0-hp, 5.5-Gallon Steel Tank Air Compressor

✓ View or download the MANUAL for the California Air Tools 5510SE.

Features:

3.00 CFM @ 40 PSI
2.20 CFM @ 90 PSI
Oil-Free Pump – Cleaner air for better tool operation. Less maintenance and Costs
3.10 CFM at 40 PSI & 2.20 CFM at 90 psi
120 PSI Maximum Pressure
The “New” SP Series of Ultra Quiet Air Compressor Motors have been designed to increase duty cycle and allow for longer continuous run times.
Ultra Quiet – Only 60 decibels
Oil-Free Pump – Cleaner air for better tool operation. Less maintenance and Costs

The CAT air compressor model 5510SE can be considered to be a nice intermediate between the 2010A and the 8010. It features the exact same 1.0 horsepower 8.5-amp electric motor that is used in both the 2010A as well as the 8010. It features the exact same hotdog design with a horizontally aligned cylindrical air tank made from aluminum, designed to be light and rust-free. It also uses a dual piston reciprocating air compressor pump, just like the previous two CAT air compressors.

There are wheels on the rear of the tank for portability, just like the CAT 8010, but the tank itself is smaller at 5.5 gallons as compared to the 8 gallons of the 8010. The weight is almost 47 pounds, meaning that it is barely a pound lighter than the larger 8010 despite losing 2.5 gallons of storage capacity. A ball valve drain has been included at the bottom of the air tank, although you will not need to drain the tank as frequently as you would have to on competing models from other manufacturers.

See it up close | California Air Tools 5510SE

https://youtu.be/YLpxYwm1WHU

The heat generated from the pump is very low because of the dual piston oil-free design, and the motor spins rather slowly at just 1680 rpm, this decreases heat and vibrations. Recovery time from 90 to 120 PSI is just 60 seconds, and filling up the tank from a completely empty state requires 120 seconds. This is less than the 165 seconds required for the 8010, but more than the 50 seconds required for the 2010A.

The 5510SE can deliver 3.1 cubic feet of air per minute at 40 psi, and 2.2 cubic feet of air per minute at 90 psi. To summarize things, the 5510SE packs the capacity of a medium-duty air compressor inside the body of a light duty model. It’s hotdog design makes it highly portable, while the aluminum tank and small electric motor make it extremely lightweight.

Solid build construction, quiet and portable thanks to the wheel kit.

If you need an air compressor that delivers clean and oil-free air, try any one of the following CAT models- 2010A, 5510SE, 8010. Get the 2010A if you just want to inflate tires or pool toys, rafts, etc. Get the 5510SE for running pneumatic tools, for framing, roofing, airbrushing, etc. If you want a 5510SE with a larger tank, get the 8010 because that’s what it is- a 5510SE with a bigger tank.

Senco PC1010

Ultra-quiet (68 dBA) and ultra-light (20 lbs.) lubeless pump compressor.

Features:

Lightweight and portable.
One horsepower peak , 1/2 horsepower running and one-gallon capacity
Ideal for a range of renovation and home improvement jobs, as well as for hobbies and crafts
Delivers 20 to 44 drives per minute
Backed by a one-year warranty
Ultra Quiet 68 dBA
Ultra Light 20 lbs
Heavy Duty Induction Motor

✓ View or download the MANUAL for the Senco PC1010.

If you though the CAT 2010A was the only ultra-compact oil free air compressor model on this list, you were wrong. There is something that is lighter, cheaper, and smaller- the Senco PC1010. This is a ½ horsepower 1-gallon hotdog style air compressor designed primarily for light duty tasks at home such as tire and sports equipment inflation. It is not meant to power pneumatic tools, nor do we recommend that you use it for such tasks.

The tank does not pack enough capacity to run a nail gun, framer, stapler, or sandblaster for a significant period of time. Besides, the recovery time is far too long because of the tiny 0.5 horsepower electric motor. Funnily enough, it is noisier than the CAT 2010A at 68 decibels, despite featuring a smaller motor and compressor pump.

This shows the significance of having a low rpm motor, the SP-9413 8.5-amp electric motor used in the previously discussed CAT air compressor models is twice as powerful while running (1hp vs 0.5 hp), but spins at a slower speed of just 1680 RPM. That is why the CAT models we discussed previously generate only 60 Decibels of noise, nearly 80% less noise than the Senco PC1010. Don’t mistake the Senco PC1010 for a loud air compressor though, it is in fact much quieter than the medium-duty residential air compressors which can get as loud as 85-87 decibels under load.

Weighing in at just 230 pounds, the 13” X 14” X 10” unit can be conveniently hand-carried thanks to the foam-coated handle on the top. Current draw is 4 amps at 115V, and SCFM at 90 psi is 0.7, maximum pressure being 125 psi. Pump-up time (0-125 psi) is 128 seconds. Recovery time (90-125 psi) is 35 seconds.

Senco PC1010 : best air compressor — 4 amps @115V, 120 psi max output. (**Buy from Amazon**)

The Senco PC1010 can be used for occasional home renovation and improvement tasks, but is not powerful enough for workshop usage. Its lightweight design and portability are the major selling factors, along with the benefit of being an oil-free compressor for those of you who don’t like getting oil spray into your homes wooden cabinets and walls.

California Air Tools CAT-4610AC

Ultra Quiet (60 dB), Oil-Free, Lightweight (44 lbs.) Air Compressor

Features:

Ultra Quiet – Only 60 decibels
Oil-Free Pump – Cleaner air for better tool operation.
Two pressure control gauges
Two universal 1/4″ quick connectors
Thermal Overload Protector
120 PSI Maximum Pressure
110v / 60 hz
Low Amp Draw – 8.5 Amps
Time to fill tank from empty to full – 130 Seconds
Recovery time from 90 PSI to 120 PSI – 30 Seconds
Less heat which dissipates more efficiently
4.6 Gallon Aluminum Air Tank (44 lbs)
L (19.1) x W/D (16.7″) x H (19.7″)
1 Year Limited Warranty
UL Certified

✓ View or download the MANUAL for the CAT 4610AC.

The CAT 4610AC air compressor utilizes the 1 horsepower SP-9413 electric motor, which is also found in the 5510SE, 8010, and 2010A models. This motor has a fairly low power draw of 8.5 amps and spins at 1680 RPM only. That means less vibration, less noise, more lifetime, and reduces heat output. All of these qualities are highly desired in any air compressor, be it residential or industrial.

Because of the low heat generation and noise levels, the CAT-4610AC makes a perfect companion for DIY enthusiasts and homeowners who tend to do some occasional home improvement work. You can frame paintings, do roofing, work on cabinetry, pain metallic surfaces, and inflate tires as well as sports equipment with this highly portable CAT air compressor. The airflow is decent enough for most tasks, and the 4.6-gallon rust-free aluminum air tank is built with a twin stack design to reduce footprint and overall width.

Maximum pressure is 120 psi, and a dual piston air compressor pump design ensures reduced recovery times- 90 to 120 psi in just 30 seconds. The tank can be filled completely from an empty state in just 130 seconds, and you don’t have to worry about overheating since there is a thermal overload switch built into the console. Two universal ¼” quick connectors increase productivity and efficiency, and there are dual pressure gauges as well. Comes with an air filter pre-installed, and a foam coated carry handle for easy mobility around the home or worksite (total weight is just 45 pounds).

Noise levels are very low at just 60 decibels. Just to put things in perspective, a normal conversation inside a room generates about 60 decibels of noise. The pump is oil free just like the previously reviewed CAT models that uses the exact same motor and pump design as this one. So, if you want a super silent, oil-free, compact and easy to use air compressor with dual ¼” outlets, this is the one you are looking for.

DeWalt DXCMV5048055

Two-Stage, Belt-drive, 80 gallon, Cast Iron, 230V : Best Industrial Air Compressor

Features:

Cast iron two stage oil lubricated pump features a one-piece cast iron crankcase, thermally stable cast iron cylinder body, aluminum head and valve plate, automotive style bearings, durable Swedish stainless steel reed valves, an oil level sight glass, an easily accessible oil fill, and a 12 inch cast iron balanced flywheel.
DEWALT 2 stage air compressor, with a 5-HP TOPS motor to provide long life and quiet operation,
Air Delivery SCFM @ 175PSI (CFM): 17
Air Delivery SCFM @ 100PSI (CFM): 17.9
Size : 76.5″ x 31.5″
Delivers plenty of air to run multiple tools at the same time
The thermal overload protection system motor protects the motor from voltage fluctuations,
Nozzle Fitting Size: 3/4-in, Horsepower: 5
Comes from the factory with synthetic blended oil already installed
Heavy duty 240 volt induction motor for maximum performance and efficiency
80 gallon ASME tank provides for longer run times for tools
Equipped with an integrated control panel with air flow regulator, two quick connect air outlets, tank and tool pressure pressure gauges.
2 Year Limited Pump Warranty
1 Year Warranty on all Other Parts

✓ View or download the MANUAL for the CAT 4610AC.

This air compressor is not meant for the average homeowner, it is a professional grade twin stage 80-gallon air compressor that costs 6 times more than your average 120-150 psi residential air compressor system. This air compressor is capable of running multiple tools at the same time, and its industrial duty two-stage compressor pump is designed to put out 18 cubic feet of air per minute at 90 psi of pressure.

Maximum pressure output is a whopping 175 psi, and air delivery (SCFM) at 40 psi is 18.3 cubic feet per minute. The DeWalt DXCMV5048055 is a stationary air compressor, so it is meant to be placed on a workshop floor or garage floor. Moving it around will require a crew and hoisting tools, since it weighs a massive 471 pounds. But all that weight is not for nothing, this 31.9” x 77” x 34.79” beast features a steel tank and industrial quality parts. Every part of this air compressor is tough and heavy, made either from steel or aluminum.

Video Review | DeWalt DXCMV5048055

If you are thinking what kind of applications the DeWalt DXCMV5048055 can be used for, here’s a few- Air brushing, blow cleaning, bolting/ wrenching, brad nailing/ stapling, cutting, drilling, frame nailing, grinding, HVLP painting, hobby nailing and painting, inflation, roof nailing, sanding, spraying, and surface preparation.

As you can see, most of the applications are commercial or industrial. But you can also use the DXCMV5048055 air compressor for inflating tires and sports equipment, just remember to be careful while doing so as it will inflate stuff much quicker than your average residential grade air compressor. Air delivery is 18 CFM at 90 psi, meaning that it delivers anywhere between 7 to 9 times more air per minute compared to a portable home-use air compressor.

The maximum pressure is 175 psi, and the vertical stainless-steel tank has a capacity of 80 gallons. The compressor pump is based on a reciprocating piston design, and is built from cast iron for added reliability. The cast iron pump frame also improves heat dissipation and since this is a 2-stage pump, it is capable of achieving much higher discharge rates and pressure compared to single-stage pumps.

A regulator and 2 quick connects are factory installed, along with a thermal overload protection switch and integrated control panel for ease of operation and maintenance. The motor driving this beast is a heavy-duty, five horsepower 240V electric induction motor. There is a 2-year manufacturer warranty on the pump and a 1-year warranty on the rest of the parts.

Campbell Hausfeld HS5180

Features:

Commercial Duty Cast Iron, Oil-Lubricated, Two Stage Pump
Operates over 20 air tools for automotive spray painting, automotive sanding work, cutting sheet metal, grinding and more
Fully enclosed metal belt guard for safe operation
80 Gallon Tank
14.0 CFM @ 90 PSI
175 Max PSI
230 Volt, 22 Amp, 1PH, 60 Hz Electrical

Overview | Campbell Hausfeld HS5180

The Campbell Hausfeld HS5180 is a vertical two-stage air compressor intended for industrial usage. It is oil lubricated and powered by a heavy-duty industrial grade 240V electric induction motor. This motor draws a massive 22 amps of current while under load, and puts out 5 horsepower on average while running. Peak power output is not of concern here, since it is only good for showing off on a specs sheet and provides no insight into real world performance.

The compressor pump and motor are both mounted on a steel beam welded onto the top of the giant 80-gallon vertical tank. This vertical air storage tank is built from steel and coated with rust resistant paint. There is a ball valve drain on the bottom, so that you can drain away all of the condensed moisture from within the tank to prevent rust from forming inside. The compressor is based on a reciprocating V-shaped piston design, and uses cast iron parts for added durability and heat dissipation. The motor is connected to the pump through a belt drive system, and this belt drive is fully enclosed by a metal belt guard for protection from external physical shocks.

The V-shaped piston pump used in this air compressor is dual-stage, meaning that it compresses air in two consecutive compression phases in order to achieve a higher compression ratio. The pistons are enclosed inside cylinders aligned at 90° angles to each other, just like in a V-twin motorcycle engine. The angled placement of cylinders and pistons allows for greater torque generation and reduced vibration.

This two-stage compressor pump is lubricated by an oil bath, and can put out 14 cubic feet of air per minute at 90psi of pressure. The maximum psi rating for this air compressor is 175 psi, and it has a duty cycle of 80/20. The amount of noise generated by the compressor system, measured from a distance of 3 feet, is 87 dBA.

This air compressor is ideal for a small workshop, serious DIY enthusiast, or automotive enthusiast. It can operate over 20 high-demand air tools such as sanders and grinders on a daily basis. The dual stage oil lubricated compressor pump is designed to have a 12,000-hour lifespan. Total weight is 429 pounds, and it is backed by a 3-year limited warranty.

PORTER-CABLE CMB15

Features:

150 psi, 1.5 Gallon Oil-Free Fully Shrouded Compressor
2.0 SCFM @ 90 psi allows for quick compressor recovery time, per ISO1217
1.5 gal tank in shroud is easy to carry, includes water drain valve and rubber feet
150 psi max tank pressure stores more air in the tank for longer tool runtimes
Durable oil-free pump for long life and no maintenance
Low Amp 120V motor starts easily in cold weather or with extension cord
Only 20 lbs for easy portability
Low Noise at 79 dBA (Tested per ISO3744) for a quieter work environment
Fully enclosed design provides protection from hot or moving parts
25′ coil hose and 8 piece accessory kit facilitate a number of inflation tasks

Overview | Porter-Cable CMB15

We have always been a huge fan of air compressors that come with giant accessory kits included in the box, and the Porter-Cable CMB15 is no exception. It is a highly affordable air compressor for residential usage, and can be used for doing basic home improvement work. DIY enthusiasts are going to have a wonderful time with this tiny 1.5 gallon reciprocating piston air compressor, it has a maximum pressure discharge of 150 psi and a SCFM of 2.0 at 90 psi.

The pump is oil-free, and that means you never have to worry about oil droplets getting into your tools when you are spray painting or working with wooden cabinetry. This little 20-pounder delivers pure compressed air, no mixed oil or chemicals. You can use it to run nail guns, staplers, framing guns, sand blasters, and much more. The limited capacity of 1.5 gallons means that it will cycle often and recovery times aren’t the best either because the motor is so small. But unless you own a professional workshop, none of that matters.

The motor is easy to start up even in cold weather, and it draws very little current so you don’t need to worry about tripping any breakers. Tested as per ISO3744, the noise output is rather low at just around 79 decibels. The best part about this air compressor is how well-built and easy to operate it is. All parts are fully enclosed inside a plastic case, and that way you never have to deal with hot or moving parts while holding the compressor by its handle.

There are two pressure gauges on the built-in console panel, and rubber feet on the flat base of the compressor keep it stable while running. The freebies that comes with this compressor includes a 25’ nylon coil hose and an 8-piece accessory kit. The accessory kit contains a quick connect coupler, tire inflation tool, and a bunch of adapters.

Tech Specs:

Cut-Out Max: 150 psi
Cut-In Restart: 120 psi
Tank Size: 1.5 gal
Air Delivery @ 40 PSI ISO1217: 3.0 scfm
Air Delivery @ 90 PSI ISO1217: 2.0 scfm
Running Horsepower: .8 HP
System: 120 V
Amps: 10 Amps
Pump Lubrication: Oil-free pump design
Decibel : 79 dBA
Product Weight: 20 lbs

Campbell Hausfeld RP410099AV

Features:

Convenient carry handle for on-the-go portability
Fast, easy inflation of high-pressure items such as tires and sporting equipment
Cooling fan gives extended unit life and reliability
Built-in pressure gauge simplifies monitoring tire pressure
Presta-to-Schrader Valve Adapter for inflation of high-end bicycle tires
3 inflation accessories
Plugs into standard household outlet
One year warranty

Overview | Campbell Hausfeld RP410099AV

According to a research conducted by the US Department of Energy, under-inflated tires account for up to 3.3% of your fuel costs. That means you could potentially save hundreds in fuel costs over the period of one or two years, only if you checked your tire pressures regularly. But checking tire pressures is only half of the work- you also need to inflate them. Taking your ride to the nearest gas station or auto maintenance shop can prove to be a tedious task, and during long road trips you might not come across a single garage or gas station for several hours.

The solution to all of this is to carry your own personal tire inflator along with you. The Campbell Hausfeld RP410099AV is what is known as an “inflator”. Basically, it is a really small air compressor, minus the storage tank. You connect it to the valve of your tires, check the pressure through the inflator’s built-in pressure gauge, and pump in compressed air until the pressure is restored back to normal. It can also be used to inflate sporting equipment and rafts pretty easily, and there is also a Presta-to-Schrader valve adapter for inflating the tires of high end bicycles.

You can plug it into a standard household outlet, since it is powered by a 120V AC motor. Accessories provided in the box include a 34” air hose, inflation needle, 2 inflation nozzles, and a Presta-to-Schrader valve adapter. There is a cord wrap around the base so that you can wrap up the power cord conveniently, and a handle is built into the top so that you can comfortably carry it around.

There is a built-in cooling fan to keep the motor and compressor pump from overheating, since all of the internal mechanisms are covered by a plastic case and there is little room for natural ventilation. If you own air mattresses, vehicles, or sporting equipment, then you should definitely consider purchasing one of these. Besides, it barely costs a quarter of the price of a standard 120-150 psi pancake/ hotdog style portable air compressor.

Viair 00088 88P / Viair 00073 70P

Viair 00088 88P : best Portable Air Compressor — 10 Ft. Power Cord, 16 Ft. Air Hose, 3pc Inflation Tip Kit.

Features:

120 PSI Pressure Gauge
LED Work Light / Power Indicator
Dual Battery Clamps
Solid Brass Twist-on Tire Chuck
3 pc. Inflation Tips Kit

The Viair 00088 88P is a rather unique entry in this list. It is intended primarily as a car tire inflator, which is why it is powered by a 12V electric induction motor, and the cord for this motor is attached directly to the car battery via alligator clips. Engine must be running when you plan on using this inflator, and it provides a maximum pressure of 120psi. The manufacturer claims that the 00088 88P is capable of inflating tires as big as 33”, with the help of the included brass tire chuck.

The 3-piece accessory kit that comes with the Viair 00088 88P contains 3 different inflation tips. Duty cycle is 25 mins at 30 psi, and max amp draw is 20 amps. The motor is very powerful for its size, since it is a permanent magnet based induction motor, and the overall dimensions are pretty compact so that you can easily carry it around in the glove box, or throw it on the backseat of the car. The provided air hose is 16’ long, while the power cord is 10’ in length.

It measures just 9.8” x 3.2” x 5.6”, and weighs 4.75 pounds. There is a built-in gauge to measure tire pressure, and free flow air discharge rate is 1.47 CFM (free flow meaning at zero pressure). At 30 psi, it discharges 1.25 cubic feet of air per minute, at 90 psi the number goes down to 0.64 CFM, and at 120 psi the discharge rate is 0.35 CFM.

Viair 00073 70P | For up to 225/60R18 Size Tires

Viair 00073 70P : best Portable air Compressor — Perfect for keeping in your car.

Features :

Vibration Isolators
3 pc. Inflation Tips Kit
150 PSI Gauge
Accessory Power Plug
Deluxe Carry Bag

The Viair 00073 70P is a model from the 70P series of portable inflators by Viair. It is designed to inflate car tires as well as sporting goods and air mattresses. The motor inside this tiny air compressor can be plugged into a cigarette lighter port, but keep in mind that the motor draws up to 15 amps of power so if you plug it directly into the vehicle accessory outlet, your car will blow a fuse. The compressor itself comes with a fuse, but if the power draw is greater than what your car can supply, the car fuse will blow first and you will be in great trouble if you’re in the middle of a journey.

The Viair 00073 70P is very powerful despite its small size, and can inflate car tires up to 32” in size. The compressor comes as a 3-piece kit, and includes a 16-foot power cord although there is no cord wrap built onto the compressor. It features a very barebones type design with almost no shrouding and exposed pump as well as motor frames. Don’t touch it while it is running, since the unit can get pretty hot and is naturally cooled by air.

There is no carry handle, although there is a pressure gauge mounted onto the top. When you plug the inflator into your car tire, make sure it is off so that you can monitor your tire pressure. Turn it on to begin pumping air into the tire. Free flow discharge rate (at 0 psi) is 1.06 CFM, maximum working pressure is 100 psi. A black carry bag and brass twist-on tire chuck are included in the package, along with a few inflation tips. It measures just 2 x 8.5 x 8 inches, and can inflate a 215-70R14 tire from 0 to 32 pounds in just 4.5 minutes.

Learn more about Viar air compressors on their site.

Uses for an Air Compressor

Some people own air compressors for work purposes, while other people own air compressors for recreation and fun activities. You can do quite a lot with an air compressor at home, here are some of the top residential uses for an air compressor-

Inflating tires: This is probably the most common use for an air compressor in the average household. You can use a portable or ultra-compact air compressor to inflate the tires of your motorbike or car. Larger vehicles demand higher pressure in their tires, so you might need beefier air compressors for such vehicles (4×4 trucks, RVs, and SUVs).
Nail/ Staple gun: Nail guns are used in house building, carpentry, and DIY projects of various kinds. You need a medium to heavy duty residential-grade air compressor in order to power a nail gun or staple gun. In direct drive nail guns, the air pressure is “directly” used to drive the nail into the timber while in indirect drive air guns, the air pressure drives a piston that strikes the nail into its target.
Sandblasting: This is another highly popular use for an air compressor- sandblasting is used to prepare surfaces for painting and coating. Compressed air blows out of a hose at extremely high velocity and carries tiny, extremely hard particles of silica with it. This has exactly the same effect as sandpaper, but is faster and more powerful than hand sanding. It can remove imperfections from metallic and wooden surfaces, as well as rust.
Air Blow Gun: This is a pneumatic tool, meaning that it is powered by compressed air. The air blow gun is basically a concentrated stream of high pressure air that is used to blow out dust and grim from machinery. The pressure isn’t as high as that of a pressure washer, so delicate machinery is not damaged in the process. It is a tool for blowing out dust and dirt from small crevices and holes in a targeted fashion.
DIY projects: Not every household consumer is into carpentry and crafting, but if you happen to have a creative mind and an interest in creating cool stuff out of raw materials, then an air compressor will make a fine addition to your arsenal. Nail guns are an indispensable asset to any carpentry or DIY workshop, and you know what powers most nail guns? That’s right, compressed air. And to provide compressed air, you better have your own air compressor.Battery operated nail guns are also an option, but they cost 2-3 times more than air operated nail guns. Not to mention the fact that pneumatic nailers are lighter and easier to operate, and they can be used for longer since air pressure can be replenished easily countless times unlike a battery that has limited lifespan.
Snow-making: Air compressors can be used to power snow making machines. These are a terrific addition to any party, and you don’t have to wait until Christmas if you want snowfall.
Cleaning up electronics: Do you own a workstation computer or gaming PC at home? If so, then you must be tired of all the dust that has accumulated around the fans and filters of your computer case. Getting rid of dust with a brush is rather tedious, and it is hard to get into tight corners and small holes. Compressed air can help you with that- cleaning your computer case and keyboard is super easy with a compact air compressor.You can effortlessly clean computers and laptops, home stereo units, DVD and Blue Ray players, etc. with a gentle stream of compressed air. You have to be careful though, since too much pressure will damage the delicate inner components of an electronic device. Ultra-portable air compressors are the best for these kinds of tasks.
Spray Painting: Although this can be classified as a branch of DIY home improvement, spray painting is one of the largest areas of application for a consumer grade air compressor. You can spray paint kitchen cabinetry, tables, and even do small fine painting projects with the right air compressor. If you have skills and the appropriate tools, you don’t need to spend thousands of dollars on hiring someone else to renovate your kitchen and home furniture. You can buy an air compressor and a sprayer, put in some time, and your furniture will look like brand new once again.
Clearing the driveway: Of course, there are better machines out there for this job, such as a pressure washer. But this is yet another task that you can do with an air compressor. If you have a lot of dry debris lying on the driveway then just turn on the air compressor, wait for the pressure to build up in the tank, and unleash a stream of high pressure air onto your dirty driveway. Leaves, dust, twigs, pebbles, etc. will all be blown away like mud huts in a tornado. Just be careful where you aim that air compressor nozzle, and make sure people aren’t standing on the driveway because you will stir up a little storm when you unleash the compressed air onto a dusty surface.
Inflating Pool Floats: You can use an air compressor to inflate pool toys and floats within seconds. It is much faster and more reliable than using a small hand pump or proprietary inflating tool that comes with the pool toys. Keep in mind that air compressors can also be used to inflate rafts, inflatable toboggans, indoor pools. etc.

Now that we have gone over the most popular residential uses for an air compressor, let us talk about some of the applications for an industrial air compressor-

Apparel Industry: In the apparel industry, air compressors are used for driving actuators and automated equipment, powering pneumatic tools, clamping, etc.
Wastewater Treatment: Here, air compressors are used for conveying and in vacuum filters.
Power Generation: In the power generation industry air compressors are used to start gas turbines, and for emission controls.
Service Industries: Air compressors are used in large scale industrial cooling systems, hospital respiration units, garment pressing machines, air brake systems, etc.
Transportation: Air compressors are used in pneumatic tools, hoists, and air brake systems.

Unlike a consumer or residential air compressor, commercial and industrial air compressors are much larger and more powerful. They have much larger tanks, and most of them are multi-stage meaning that they are equipped with more than one storage tank. The primary storage tank is where the air is stored at maximum pressure, then you have secondary and tertiary tanks where air is kept at reduced pressures compared to the primary tank. This allows better control over pressure and makes the air compressor more versatile.

Industrial air compressors have larger engines for generating more power and are capable of compressing thousands of gallons of air in a very short amount of time. Most professional and industrial grade air compressors are either reciprocating or rotary screw models. If you don’t know what rotary screw or reciprocating means, we are about to explain all of that in a later section of the article in which we discuss about the 4 basic types of air compressor designs and how they work.

Each design has its pros and cons, and it is best that you know about the types of air compressors if you plan on purchasing a new one. Knowing how an air compressor works will give you a deeper insight into the product that you are about to buy, and you can decide for yourself what features you need and which model is best suited to the tasks that you plan on doing.

Video | Choosing an Air Compressor

How Does an Air Compressor Work?

Now that you have an idea of what an air compressor is, and what it can do for you, let us talk about the way an air compressor works. There are several types of air compressors out there and each manufacturer adds their own little twist to the design, but basic working principles stay the same across all designs and models. But before we talk about the operating principles of an air compressor, let us take a look at the difference between a “pump” and a “compressor”. Both are devices used to move fluids (gases or liquids) from one place to another.

Some people even use the terms “pump” and “compressor” interchangeably. But they are not the same thing.

A PUMP is a machine that displaces or moves a fluid (can be liquid or gas) from one location to another.

An air COMPRESSOR is a machine that squeezes a gas into a smaller volume and THEN pumps it somewhere else simultaneously.

So, you can see two major differences- Firstly a pump can work on both liquids as well as gases, whereas a compressor only works on gases. Secondly, compressors squeeze the fluid into a smaller volume before displacing it to another location (the compressed air storage tank).

Sometimes, the phrase “compressor pump” is used to denote the actual compressor unit inside an air compressor platform or system. Just like the word computer is used to refer to a collection of parts such as CPU, monitor, keyboard, etc., the word compressor can mean a collection of things. Your typical household “air-compressor system” will have a motor of some kind (electric, gasoline, diesel), a compressor/ compressor pump, and a storage tank. There are other parts as well, such as the pressure switch, pressure gauge, motor shroud, heat fins, etc. but those are the three major components to an air compressor system.

Back to the basic working principle of an air compressor- all compressors, no matter what design they are based on or how big/ small they are, essentially function as energy converters. They convert the kinetic energy generated by a motor into potential energy that is stored in the form of compressed air for future use. How they do it varies based on design. You have reciprocating piston style compressors, rotary compressors, centrifugal compressors, etc.

When the motor of an air compressor starts, it will operate the actual compressor unit or “compressor pump” and begin squeezing air into a smaller volume. This is air that is sucked from the atmosphere. Once the air has been squeezed or pressurized, it is pumped into the storage tank. All of this is done until the pressure inside the storage tank reaches a certain maximum point. This is detected by pressure sensors that automatically shut down the motor as soon as the pressure in the tank reaches its upper limit.

Once you open up the release valve and begin using the pressurized air for doing work (operating a nailing gun, spray painting, inflating tires, etc.), the pressure in the tank will gradually decrease. The rate at which the pressure decreases depends on the initial pressure as well as the size of the tank. Smaller tanks will lose pressure faster. When the pressure gets below a certain “cut-in” point, the motor will once again kick in and restore pressure so you can keep working.

If you turn on the motor when the compressor is off, and pressure in the tank is above the “cut-in” point, it will not start. Make sure by looking at the compressor tank gauge instead of the regulator gauge. The pressure switch is what controls the motor- based on its settings, the pressure switch will cause the motor to turn on or off when the tank pressure is above or below certain points. The pressure switch on your air compressor will arrive with factory-preset pressure set points that can be changed later.

The motor in an air compressor can be electric, diesel, or gasoline powered. Electric motors are common in household single-stage models, especially reciprocating piston types. They are compact, lighter because of the plastic housing, generate less noise and heat, and require less maintenance. They are also cheaper, but suffer from decreased power output compared to internal combustion motors.

This limits the pressure output as well as working rate of electric air compressors. They are perfectly fine for inflating toboggans, rafts, balloons, tires, etc. and you can also use them to clean up electronic equipment or small corners and holes/ pipes. But if you want to power pneumatic equipment or sandblast surfaces, you will need something beefier.

Compressors can either be oiled or oil-free. Oil is essential to lubricate the bearings in the moving parts of a compressor, but despite all the seals and containment rings, some oil tends to get mixed up with the air in aerosol form. For most tasks, this is a non-issue and many pneumatic tools come with built-in oil particle filters. But if you intend on preparing wooden surfaces or spray-painting, then you might want to consider an oil free model as oil particles will mess up the finish on your paint, and you also don’t want oil getting into the wood fibers.

Most articulated-piston compressors are oil lubricated, meaning that they are equipped with an oil bath which splash lubricates the bearings and cylinder walls as the crank spins. You can use an oil separator or filter in the line to remove oil particles up to a certain extent, but getting an oil-free compressor (one that uses permanently lubricated bearings) is the best option if you own a paint shop or plan on working with wood.

California Air Tools 8010 | Quiet, Portable and Efficient

Affordable air compressor. (**Buy from Amazon**)

Compressor Power

One of the commonly used factors to determine compressor power is motor horsepower. But this is technically wrong if you are trying to judge the ability of the air compressor unit, since motor horsepower only tells you half of the story- how powerful the motor is. It is like trying to determine the ability of a sports car based on engine horsepower alone. You can’t leave out the transmission, suspension, weight, aerodynamics, and all of the other stuff that decides overall performance of the car.

Similarly, an air compressor needs a different metric to determine how capable it is. That metric is how much air it can deliver at a certain pressure. Amount of air delivered is measured in Cubic Feet per Minute, or CFM. Pressure is measured in psi (Pounds per Square Inch). Atmospheric pressure around the air compressor plays a part in deciding how fast the compressor can suck air in. Low pressure (at extremely high altitudes) means that the compressor will take longer to build up pressure in the tank since air is thinner and won’t be sucked in as quickly due to low pressure.

If you go underground the air is at higher pressure and the tank will fill up faster. To set an even playing field, manufacturers calculate the delivery rate of their compressors at a universally determined altitude and temperature. That altitude is sea level and the temperature is 68 degrees Fahrenheit, with air at 36% relative humidity (humidity also affects delivery rate). This is called the “SCFM” rating or Standard CFM rating. So if you want to compare different models of air compressors from different brands, just compare their SCFM ratings.

NOTE: SCFM ratings are given at a certain pressure, for example 3.5 cfm at 90psi. If you decrease the pressure, cfm will go up and vice-versa.

The Four Basic Types of Air Compressors

All air compressors can be divided into two families :

Positive displacement: In the case of positive displacement compressors, air is drawn into one or more compression chambers where it is closed off from the inlet and then the enclosed volume of each chamber of each chamber decreases through the displacement of one or more moving parts, reducing the volume of the enclosed air and increasing its pressure. Once the pressure reaches a certain maximum ratio, a port or exit valve opens, and the continued reduction of volume in the chamber forces the air out into the storage tank or outlet system. In simple word, positive displacement compressors mechanically squeeze a fixed volume of air into a smaller volume, thereby increasing its pressure.
Dynamic: Also known as turbo compressors, dynamic air compressors utilize a rapidly rotating impeller to draw air in at extremely high velocity. This is a compression impeller, and air flows at very high speeds between its blades, then it is discharged through a diffuser which transforms the kinetic energy of the air into static pressure. Dynamic or turbo compressors feature an axial or radial flow pattern and are designed for large volume flow rates.The key difference between a PDC (Positive Displacement Compressor) and a DC (Dynamic Compressor) is that the former functions at a constant flow rate while the latter functions at a constant pressure.If you vary the output pressure of a PDC its flow rate will not change. But the flow rate of a DC will change with a change in output pressure. A DC compresses high velocity fluid in a continuous manner whereas a PDC compresses fixed packets of fluid that flow at much lesser velocity.

Positive displacement compressors are further divided into Reciprocating and Rotary Compressors.

Reciprocating compressors are comprised of :

In Line Compressors: In this design, air is pressurized by the to-and-fro (reciprocating) movement of a piston inside a cylinder, very similar to the piston-cylinder combination found in car engines. You have an inlet and outlet valve on the top of each cylinder, when the piston moves down it creates a vacuum causing the inlet valve to swing down and let air in in from the atmosphere.When the piston moves up it creates compression pressure and forces the inlet valve shut. When the pressure reaches a certain tipping point, the outlet valve is forced up and lets the pressurized air through the discharge tube into the storage tank. Each piston cycle compresses a fixed quantity of air at a specific pressure. The piston itself is driven by a motor which can either be electric or gasoline powered.
V-Shaped Piston Compressors: These are normally air-cooled and shaped like V-twin engines found on motorbikes. Concentric valves mounted on each cylinder head control the air input and output, while the compressor pump is comprised of different units displaced by 90° (usually). These separate compressor units may or may not be connected to the same crank pin on the crank shaft. The angle displacement is used to achieve better torque and balancing of forces to result in less vibrations and noise, as well as a longer lifespan. Higher capacity V-shaped piston compressors are water-cooled for optimum efficiency and performance.
Tandem Piston Compressors: Also known as “reciprocating inline piston compressors”, these reciprocating compressors feature multiple compression units arranged in a line, driving one crankshaft. These are driven by electric motors or diesel engines and are simple in design with little to no automation. Compressors such as these are available in varying pressure ranges.
Single-Acting Piston Compressors: In a single acting piston compressor, the piston compresses air in only one direction. There are two sides to the piston, normally it is the top surface that squeezes the air sucked into the cylinder. The bottom side is attached to the connecting rod, which is then attached to the crankshaft. The bottom end of the piston is known as the “free” or “open” side and performs no work.
Double-Acting Piston Compressors: In a double acting piston compressor both sides of the piston compress air. There are two sets of suction/ delivery valves on both ends of the cylinder, so air is compressed and delivered in two stages with just one piston cycle. This results in a more continuous delivery of compressed air as compared to a single acting piston compressor. One double-acting single piston compressor is the equivalent of an inline 2-cylinder single-stage piston compressor.
Diaphragm Compressors: If you plan on compressing chemical gases that are either explosive or toxic, then you need to consider one of these. The diaphragm compressor is a variant of the classic reciprocating design, except in this case you have a diaphragm doing the sucking and squeezing instead of a piston head. It consists of a flexible membrane attached to a compression box, this membrane completely seals off the mechanism underneath the diaphragm from the stuff above.There is a connecting rod that attaches the diaphragm to the crankshaft, and it moves up and down to push the diaphragm up and down along with it.There are intake and delivery valves on the top of the compression box, so when the diaphragm moves down it creates a vacuum, sucking air in. When the diaphragm moves up it closes the intake valve and compresses the air until the compression ratio desired is achieved, and then the air is blasted out through the delivery valve.This type of compressors is good for spray painting, woodworking tools, and any other application that requires the compressed air to be completely oil-free, since the air in the compression chamber never makes contact with any oil from the crank case beneath the diaphragm.

Rotary Compressors are classified into :

Screw Type Compressors: Screw compressors are highly efficient for applications that have low air pressure requirements. They are much quieter than reciprocating piston types, and the air delivery is continuous instead of in steps. Two intermeshing screws rotate alongside each other, and the air is drawn in from one end of the threading, through the space between the screws where it is compressed, and is then expelled through the other end of the screws.There is a delivery valve at the end of the compression chamber that opens only when the air pressure passes the threshold, screw type compressors can be driven by electric or gasoline motors.
Vane Compressors: These compressors utilize a rotary disk inside a fixed casing to generate compressed air. The rotor disk has slots cut into it, and these slots hold sliding metal plates. As the disk rotates, the sliding plates move outwards due to centrifugal force, drawing air into the gap that is created when they slide out. The inner surface of the casing is eccentric, and as the plates converge back towards the center, the air that was previously sucked in is now compressed and delivered through a multitude of delivery ports.
Lobe and Scroll Compressors: Scroll type compressors have a spiral shaped scroll driven by a primary compressor. The outer edges of this scroll traps air as it spins inside a circular casing, then the rotating motion of the scroll compresses air and moves it inwards, towards the center. This compressed air is then delivered through the center of the scroll to a delivery line.

Lobe compressors are very simple in design and feature no complicated moving parts. These compressors consist of single or twin lobes displaced by 90° with respect to one another. These lobes are attached to the drive shaft which is driven by the prime mover, and they rotate such that if one of the lobes is a vertical position, the other one will be in a horizontal position. Air is trapped in the space between the lobes and gets compressed.

Under the Dynamic Compressor family, we have :

Centrifugal compressors: A centrifugal compressor is comprised of a simple rotating element mounted onto a shaft that is driven by the prime mover. Centrifugal compressors are typically used for gas compression on oil platforms and for LNG/ LPG storage. The turbocharger in diesel engines is also a type of centrifugal compressor, its job is to feed more air into the cylinder than the engine would otherwise get through natural respiration.The first phase of a centrifugal compression process is induction – air is sucked in by the inducer and fed into the impeller that compresses it through the second phase.In the third and final phase, air is sent into the diffuser at extremely high velocity, where all of its kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy through an increase in pressure.Centrifugal compressors deliver a large volume of compressed air at a constant pressure and do so in a continuous fashion. Air is sucked in by the impeller blades that impart additional energy, which is then converted to pressure energy and delivered outside the compressor casing. Centrifugal compressors can be single stage, or multi-stage.
Axial flow compressors: These are just like centrifugal compressors, except the air flow is axial. In its simplest form, the axial flow compressor is also called an axial fan, and is used for various domestic purposes. The amount of pressure built up in an axial compressor depends on the number of stages. Normally, axial flow fans are used as vent fans in enclosed spaces, or as blower ducts. The gas turbine engines found in airplanes utilize axial flow air compressors.

Compressors can also be divided based on :

Number of Stages: If air pressure requirements are low, then single-stage compression is usually enough. Multi-stage compression is typically needed for generating more than 10 bar of air pressure (about 145 psi). Multi-stage compressors can be both reciprocating as well as rotary. There are even multi-stage dynamic compressors.

A simple example of a reciprocating piston style multi-stage compressor would be one piston compressing air in the first stage, then sending the air to a second piston cylinder arrangement where it is compressed even further. Multi stage air compressors are usually water or oil-cooled since they generate a lot more heat.

Cooling Method: Smaller air compressors like the ones found in common households are typically air-cooled because they are of low capacity and are mostly single stage compressors that don’t really generate a whole lot of heat. Metal fins cover the compressor housing, and these serve as heat radiators by increasing the effective surface area and providing a nice path for air to flow in between the fins.

However, as you increase your air pressure requirements, you also need to cope with increased heat output from the compression phase. Air just won’t do the job anymore, you need heat transfer to take place through oil or water. Water is circulated forcefully through special pathways cut into the cylinder walls of a multi-stage high capacity reciprocating piston compressor. Oil cooling is done through oil sumps and oil lines cut into the housing as well as compression chambers.

Drive Types: The prime mover in an air compressor refers to the motor which drives the compressor pump. Generally, the prime mover is either electric or gasoline based for most residential air compressors. Professional grade units that are used in workshops will sometimes employ diesel motors for additional power, while industrial air compressors might even use turbine engines with reduction gearing and clutch arrangement.

The “Drive” refers to the mechanism that connects the compressor to its prime mover (motor). Portable home units are typically found to use belt drives because of their relatively cheap cost and easy to maintain nature. Larger, more complex air compressors use direct drive with some kind of gearing mechanism.

Lubrication System: Smaller air compressors, especially the reciprocating piston types, utilize an oil splash lubrication system. As pressure requirements get higher and compressor size increases, we move into pump assisted oil lubrication territory- oil is driven through special oil channels cut into the walls of the compressor by a dedicated oil pump. There are some special compressors equipped with permanently lubricated bearings and parts designed from special materials that require no oil for lubrication.

If you are planning on using your air compressor for spray painting or woodworking, we suggest you get an oil-free compressor unless you want to spoil the finish of the surface you’re working on. Filling air in breathing apparatus such as medical respiration tanks or diving equipment also requires the air to be chemical and oil free.